These types of inductors are most widely used. As iron core inductors have a higher value of inductance they are used in low-frequency line filtering and audio equipment. This property is called permittivity µ (in H/m). Iron core allows an easy path to the magnetic lines of force.
In this type of inductor, wire is wound on a ferromagnetic material soft iron as its core. This is called reluctance R (in H -1).Īs air has high reluctance these types of inductors are used in high-frequency RF circuits where a low value of inductance is required. Air does not provide the flow of magnetic lines freely, rather opposes the flow of the line. Air CoreĪs the name suggests, these have only air in the core of their winding. There are different types of inductors available based on their geometrical shape and type of core used. This is also called the efficiency of the coil or inductor. As we can see Q is inversely proportional to the R so the lesser the resistance of the inductor better the Q factor it has. Thus, Q is the ratio of inductive reactance of the inductor and its resistance. How much is one Henry?Īn inductor has an inductance ( L) of 1 Henry if the EMF ( ε) induced in it is 1 Volt when the current is changing at the rate of one ampere per second ( dI/dt). Where X L is inductive reactance in ohms, f is the frequency in Hz, and L is inductance in Henry. The opposition, resistance, to the induced current, induced by the magnetic field is called Inductive reactance and given by : Kindly note that, the negative sign which indicates the EMF is of opposite polarity to the applied voltage. Where ε is the electromotive force in volt, L is the inductor value in Henry and dl/dt is the rate of change of current with respect to time. This change in flux, induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the inductor which is given by : Any change in the electric current induced, changes the flux. Now let us continuously turn on and off the switch S, this is similar to applying alternating current. Where magnetic flux ø is the total number of magnetic lines and measured in SI unit Weber. The strength of this induced magnetic field is measured in magnetic flux density denoted by the letter B and the SI unit is wb/m 2. Now, if we reverse the polarity of the battery, the direction of the current changes, consequently poles of the electromagnet are reversed, and the direction of magnetic lines of force also gets reversed. And magnetic lines flow from N to S pole. This electromagnet has its North Pole, N, and South Pole, S, like a conventional magnet. When the switch S is turned on, current starts flowing through the inductor, a magnetic field is produced and the inductor becomes an electromagnet. Let us take a simple circuit as shown in Figure 2, where a battery is connected to an inductor L in parallel, and a switch S in series. It is denoted by the letter L and its SI unit is Henry, H.įigure 1 depicts the symbol of an inductor.įigure 1: Symbol of Inductor Working of Inductor It could be a tiny piece of straight copper wire or wire wound into rings called a coil.Īn inductor inherently opposes the change of current through it.
What is an Inductor?Īn inductor is a two-pin passive component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field when a current flows through it.
Let us take a deep dive into the world of inductors. Inductors are vastly used from mobile, laptop chargers to high-end communication equipment like mobile base stations to the satellites orbiting the earth.
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